| Titre : | Contribution of agricultural research for better resilience of Moroccan agriculture (2024) |
| Auteurs : | F. Bekkaoui ; M. Sadiki ; I. Thami Alami |
| Type de document : | Article |
| Dans : | African and Mediterranean Agricultural Journal - Al Awamia (n. 143, April 2024) |
| Article en page(s) : | p. 1-8 |
| Langues : | Anglais |
| Langues du résumé : | Anglais |
| Catégories : |
Catégories principales 12 - EDUCATION. FORMATION. INFORMATION. GESTION DES SAVOIRS ; 12.6 - Politique Scientifique. RechercheThésaurus IAMM RECHERCHE AGRICOLE ; AGRICULTURE ; RESILIENCE ; MAROC |
| Résumé : |
Agriculture plays a significant socio-economic role in Morocco, representing 13% of the country's Gross Domestic Product and engaging approximately 46% of the population. The strategy of the Green Morocco Plan 2008-2019 has contributed significantly to the Moroccan agriculture by strengthening agricultural sectors, increasing productivity, and enhancing exports. However, climate change, resulting in insufficient rainfall and high temperatures, has reduced the productivity of major crops. Additionally, population growth has led to an increasing demand for agricultural products. Geopolitical factors, such as the conflict in Ukraine, impacting the availability and prices of cereals and oilseeds, have necessitated the development of a more resilient agriculture to secure essential needs in basic agricultural products such as cereals, legumes, meats, fruits, and vegetables. Agricultural research plays a key role in supporting the Generation Green strategy (2020-2030) through various programs aimed at innovative, productive, and resilient agriculture.
This article first presents the general context of food security and sovereignty, followed by tools and solutions to various challenges related to the biodiversity-soil-water nexus, the basis of agricultural productivity and resilience. Genetic resource conservation is crucial for selecting resilient and productive varieties of different crops. Thus, Morocco is strengthening its capacities in this field, with a new gene bank from ICARDA focusing on cereal and legume accessions. A national genetic resources center will be established in 2024 and will include all major crops for Moroccan agriculture. Recently, new wheat varieties have been developed showing yields up to 30% higher than the control variety in drought years. Cochineal resistant varieties of cactus have been selected through a collection of over 300 genotypes and are currently being multiplied for distribution to small-scale farmers. Precision agriculture is a priority for more rational use of inputs, particularly water and fertilizers. The implementation of no-till farming to address drought and soil health issues has been successfully launched since 2020 to cover 1 million hectares by 2030. Finally, the adoption of agroforestry, which contributes to yield improvement through a program of planting multiple crops such as the 100,000-hectare carob tree plantation, is being promoted. All these actions will contribute to the development of a resilient agriculture leading Morocco towards food sovereignty. |
| Cote : | En ligne |
| URL / DOI : | https://doi.org/10.34874/IMIST.PRSM/afrimed-i143.48153 |
Accueil
Sélection de la langue
Adresse
ÉQUIPE
Nous contacter
Informations pratiques
contact
