| Titre : | Effect of nitrogen fertilization on weeds. Analysis that combines a survey and a literature review |
| Auteurs : | Z. Chaoui |
| Type de document : | Thèse, Mémoire, Master |
| Année de publication : | 2022 |
| Format : | 58 p. |
| Note générale : | Master 2 Thesis. Economics. Programme: Mediterranean farming system design for a sustainable food-system [MIDAS]. Co-accreditation University of Montpellier, Institut Agro Montpellier, CIHEAM-IAMM. |
| Langues : | Anglais |
| Langues du résumé : | Anglais ; Français |
| Catégories : |
Catégories principales 06 - AGRICULTURE. FORÊTS. PÊCHES ; 6.6 - Technique Agricole (sols, engrais, mécanisation)Thésaurus IAMM FERTILISATION ; AZOTE ; SYSTEME DE CULTURE ; FRANCE |
| Résumé : | Weeds are characterized by a remarkable duality, they are at the same time a source of biodiversity, food and habitat for many organisms, while having negative impacts on crop productivity. To manage them in a context of reduced dependence on chemical inputs and minimizing nitrogen losses, a good supply of nitrogen fertilization is necessary. The objective of this study is to understand and evaluate the relationship between nitrogen fertilization and weed management in order to propose possible solutions to the following problem : Which nitrogen fertilization practices have an effect on weeds ? How do these practices affect weed emergence, growth and development ? To answer these questions, we conducted a literature synthesis where information were organized in the form of a heuristic diagram that represents the factors related to N fertilization that affect weeds and the characterization of their effects from the scientific literature. We conducted a survey with field actors in order to identify new factors (and interactions between factors), contradictions and complementarities with the literature based on their observations, knowledge and experiences. The responses from the respondents reinforced the relationship between weed development and the use of organic fertilizer, late fertilizer application, application rate alone, and its interaction with application timing, and added the external factors that interact indirectly with nitrogen fertilization and are involved in the development of these weeds. In addition, the results obtained from the literature reveal contradictory effects on the development of certain weeds for the same factor. This is the case of two factors : the fertilizer type effect , specifically nitrate, on weed germination and the nitrogen addition effect on weed biomass. Thus, the comparison of the scientific state of the art with field situations allowed us to identify gaps in knowledge and understanding of the link between nitrogen fertilization and weeds. |
| Nature du diplôme : | Mémoire (Master 2 MIDAS) |
| Université de soutenance : | CIHEAM-IAMM |
| Ville de l'université de soutenance : | Montpellier (France) |
| Cote : | Réservé lecteur CIHEAM |
| Directeur de Thèse : | Belhouchette H. |
| Membres du Jury : | Kleftodimos G.; Belhouchette H.; Paut R. |
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